Big city lights...

Big city lights...

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Big city lights… in Berlin Spandau (Germany)...

Timeline of lighting technology:

1. Since the dawn of man, about 200,000 years ago, people use the sun as their main source of light.
2. 70,000 BCE A hollow rock or shell or other natural found objects was filled with moss or a similar material that was soaked in animal fat and then ignited
3. circa 4500 BCE oil lamps
4. circa 3000 BCE candles are invented.
5. circa 900 CE Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes) invents kerosene lamp
6. circa 1000 The first street lamps appear in Cordoba, Al-Andalus
7. 1780 Aimé Argand invents central draught fixed oil lamp
8. 1784 Argand adds glass chimney to central draught lamp
9. 1792 William Murdoch begins experimenting with gas lighting and probably produced the first gas light in this year.
10. 1800 French watchmaker Bernard Guillaume Carcel overcomes the disadvantages of the Argand-type lamps with his clockwork fed Carcel lamp.
11. 1802 William Murdoch illuminated the exterior of the Soho Foundry with gas.
12. 1805 Phillips and Lee’s Cotton Mill, Manchester was the first industrial factory to be fully lit by gas.
13. 1813 National Heat and Light Company formed by Fredrich Winzer (Winsor).
14. c. 1802 Humphry Davy demonstrates arc-lighting in free air.
15. 1815 Humphry Davy invents the miner’s safety lamp.
16. 1835 James Bowman Lindsay demonstrates a light bulb based electric lighting system to the citizens of Dundee.
17. 1840 modern kerosene lamps (oil lamps that burn fuel from petroleum)
18. 1841 Arc-lighting used as experimental public lighting in Paris
19. 1853 Ignacy Lukasiewicz invents petrol lamp
20. 1854 Heinrich Göbel invents the first incandescent lamp by passing an electric current through a carbonized bamboo filament that was placed inside of a glass bulb
21. 1856 glassblower Heinrich Geissler confines the electric arc in a tube.
22. 1867 A. E. Becquerel demonstrates the first fluorescent lamp
23. 1875 Henry Woodward patents the electric light bulb.
24. 1876 Pavel Yablochkov invents the Yablochkov candle, the first practical carbon arc lamp, for public street lighting in Paris.
25. 1879 Thomas Edison and Joseph Wilson Swan patent the carbon-thread incandescent lamp.
26. 1880 Edison produced a 16 watt lightbulb that lasts 1500 hours.
27. c. 1889 Incandescent gas mantle invented, revolutionises gas lighting.
28. 1893 Nikola Tesla uses cordless low pressure gas discharge lamps, powered by a high frequency electric field, to light his laboratory. He displays fluorescent lamps and neon lamps at the World Columbian Exposition.
29. 1894 D. McFarlane Moore creates the Moore tube, precursor of electric gas-discharge lamps.
30. 1897 Walther Nernst invents and patents his incandescent lamp, based on solid state electrolytes.
31. 1901 Peter Cooper Hewitt demonstrates the mercury-vapor lamp.
32. 1911 Georges Claude develops the neon lamp.
33. 1925 The first internal frosted lightbulbs were produced.
34. 1926 Edmund Germer patents the fluorescent lamp.
35. 1962 Nick Holonyak Jr. develops the first practical visible-spectrum light-emitting diode
36. 1986 The “White” SON Sodium vapor lamp is introduced.
37. 1991 Philips invents a fluorescent lightbulb that lasts 60,000 hours. The bulb uses magnetic induction.
38. 1994 First commercial sulfur lamp.

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