Gareth Colliton


Making Faces; Thoughts on portraiture.

Greetings. Here below are a few of my ideas about portraiture. Please feel welcome to add any thoughts you may have on the topic!

What purpose does the contemporary painted portrait serve? Historically, the portrait was a record of a person; a substitute or a memento. Later, it was employed as a symbol of status or wealth, and far fewer paintings of the lower classes exist as a result. Today, records and mementos are the domain of photography, and portraits are no longer the fashion of the elite… so why do we want them?
My immediate response is that they serve a similar purpose to so many human images; they are a mirror in which we can view the other and compare our ‘self’. The popularity of celebrity portraits seems to back this up – we especially like to see the successful and the famous and seek out the mystery ingredients that they must have in order to have ‘made it’. But do we learn anything about the identity of the person represented in a modern portrait? What’s in it for them? And the artist? I’m one of those, a portrait artist I mean, and I sometimes feel that I’m adding very little of worth to the world…
So, to start from the start, I decided that I needed a definition. I looked to the writings of Richard Brilliant, who submits that, ‘only physical appearance is naturally visible, and even that is unstable. The rest is conceptual and must be expressed symbolically’. He adds to that that portraits can be physical, psychological or emblematic representations of a subject, which I find to be a fairly neat way of categorising such paintings. Shearer West goes a step further, allowing for a portrait to be not only a physical or symbolic likeness of a subject, but any ‘works of art that engage with ideas of identity as they are perceived, represented and understood in different times and places’. West is well aware of our globalised, post-modern world and acknowledges that the fundamental aspect of portraiture, identity, can be perceived very differently if viewed by an audience not possessing the necessary tool-kit to decode it (for example, a Gainsborough would have very little relevance to a teen in future Tokyo or a Masai of the time).
The reason for offering these definitions of portraiture is that I think they work quite well in summarising just what constitutes a modern portrait. The works of Lucien Freud, Fiona Lowry, John Beard, Jeffrey Smart and Jenny Sages all very diverse are all allowed within this definition, whereas some have labeled them nudes, abstracts or expressionist.

That’s enough to get us started, I think. So what are your opinions? Does a subject need clothes? The painting a background? Do they require symbols of their life and culture? Does the artist imbed his/her identity within the work? Carry on…

  • Josh Bowe

    Josh Bowe

    Nice bit of conjecture here Gareth, Ive been pondering on similar lines, nicely conveyed here tho, I’ll have to give it some more thought on my answers, and if i reach a permanent answer Ill be sure to write it here[dont hold your breath tho], my initial reaction is to quote Mark Rothko, he said ‘After Hiroshima humans can no longer be portrayed without disfiguring the figure in some way’ [or words to that effect]

  • Gareth Colliton

    Gareth Colliton

    Ha! I was just about to write to you to let you know I’d made a start, but nothing escapes your attention, Mr Bowe. And I do like that quote. In context of your own work, I’m intrigued by the obstructed portraits, and the disfigured nudes. Unfortunately, I can’t use naked subjects for my thesis, but I’d love to . Faceless nudes are particularly interesting, because there’s very little of the subject’s identity left for the viewer… where does that sit in the pigeon-hole system? Your paintings are definitely not sexualised bodies, and they sit somewhere in this new (?) field of Saville and Freud, this anonymous yet personal subject. There’s a book in that!

  • Soxy Fleming!

    Soxy Fleming!

    I’m attempting to write something….it’s getting long!

  • Gareth Colliton replied

    You just did, and it is! Please fire away!

  • Soxy Fleming

    Soxy Fleming

    trying trying! I got sidetracked by Josh’s work and now I’m getting rid of words!!!!

  • Soxy Fleming

    Soxy Fleming

    oh dear…I’ve changed identity too ….

  • Gareth Colliton replied

    Aha! Unmasked!

  • Soxy Fleming

    Soxy Fleming

    no…just confused…..

  • harleym

    harleym

    I think its all a load of paint really ;)

  • Soxy Fleming

    Soxy Fleming

    hhmmm….thought I was getting my ideas together on this but then I read your reply to Josh and looked through his stuff (fascinating work he has)
    ...I’ve just created something which must be a self portrait (I’m guessing), 3D….and faceless…...

    and then I think I have to agree with Harley as well… but I like to think that in a portrait the painter is extracting something of the subject not usually seen and showing it to us via the paint.

    I think pretty much anything goes regarding your list of questions at the end there but the aim would be for the artist to leave something of themself in the picture by having connected with whatever thing they end up showing.
    Obviously your keepers are narrowing things down a bit if you aren’t allowed nudes (or gold leaf)...interesting and no doubt frustrating. Are they trying to take you out of some comfort zone to create what they consider to be a challenge for you? are they just being conservative?

    I’ve always thought that artists make pictures of themselves (by default, when not portraying a well defined character). I didn’t see your portraits as pictures of you and it made me think about how you are, a peopley sort of person and that was part of what made you a painter of other people…your special ability being to find things in people and show them to us through paint.
    However! I do think you have made pictures of yourself in some of your other work….I’m getting off the track…(elaboration upon request)

  • Gareth Colliton replied 29 days ago

    So the painter has the ability to see things a camera can’t? I think particular photographers have a very similar ability to extract or portray aspects of people, though a camera in the wrong hands isn’t always going to do so. Harley and I had the same lecturer on the theory of art, so he’s only being cheeky in saying that it’s just paint… though there may be a truth in it!
    As for mt thesis, they are forced into conservatism by the modern trend of liability and litigation. The gold is just too much to include in the writing, so it has to go too!
    The last point you make I find particularly interesting – it’s often said that painters make their sitters look something like themselves, and the Mona Lisa is often cited as an example. It wouldn’t surprise me to find that we do such a thing subtly, but it can also be by leaving signs of ourselves within the picture plane, or even the use of paint itself (the movement of applying paint is individual, the colours chosen, etc). Then there’s the more literal forensic clues as to the painter’s identity – my paintings often have hairs on them, from the brush, the dog or myself! Fingerprints in the paint also leave traces of me.
    Anyways, I’d best get to work, but thank you for your thoughts! I’m looking forward to reading Nicholas’ essay this evening! Look at the size of it!
    Oh, and please elaborate…

  • Nicholas Johnston

    Nicholas Johnston 29 days ago

    The difficulty with any debate about contemporary portraiture is how much broader the definition has become. What is understood today as Portraiture no longer confines itself to “likeness”, “representation” or even “imitation”. Saying that, Gareth’s post is clearly aimed at addressing issues surrounding contemporary figurative portraiture, and in particular portraiture’s value and significance in today’s society. Gareth asks, what purpose does the contemporary painted portrait serve? I believe that as far as commissioned portraits are concerned the intention must still be to flatter, convey social or professional standing and allude to the finer aspects of the subject’s personality. Scene-setting and props must play their part, as must technique, facture and scale – all of which may be dictated to a greater or lesser extent by the artist’s client. Exceptionally, some commissioned artists will have carte blanche in how they choose to approach and execute a portrait. In these rare cases, it’s the artist’s reputation that first and foremost attracts patrons. Lucien Freud is a good example in this instance. His art does not allow for any form of indulgence or flattery and yet would-be patrons are only too willing to expose themselves to his formidable scrutiny for the sake of personal kudos. For the majority of professional portraitists however, artistic compromise comes as part and parcel of commercial reality, and the very old, very established business of flattery, promotion and approbation must continue to be a function of this genre if portraitists are to make a living. This is not to say, however, that great art cannot succeed under these constraints. Quite the contrary. You only have to look at the Old Masters to discover how an intelligent artist can subtly thwart the intentions of his patrons: Raphael’s portrait of Pope Leo X and cardinals, for instance, with its atmosphere of political and filial mistrust; Or Anthony Van Dyck’s highly complex group portrait of Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke, with his Family, which cunningly conveys from beneath the poise and riches, a fragile and unhappy dynasty facing an uncertain future.

    Beginning with the impressionists in the 19th century, we witness a more personal, even confessional form of portraiture emerge, which was to revolutionise the genre in the 20th century and continues to influence our concepts of what portraiture should address in contemporary art practice. Artists began to explore with increasing audacity the very nature of appearance, personality, identity and being. They used friends and lovers, anonymous sitters, and even other figures in art and literature to explore what it is to be alive, corporeal and human, in possession of a complex psychology and fragmentary personality. Pablo Picasso perhaps more than most dissected his relationships through personal portraiture, and remains a key source of inspiration for artists practising portraiture today.

    Gareth’s next point for discussion tackles head-on the thorny and complex issue of identity in contemporary portraiture. He asks, do we learn anything about the identity of the person represented in a modern portrait? What’s in it for them? And the artist? Because of the sheer diversity now in artists’ approaches to portraiture this will surely prove a rich and complex topic for debate, and one I suspect must elude a final answer. Saying that, there is already a great deal written on this subject by artists, art critics and historians. I’d like to return to Lucien Freud at this point as it’s my opinion that this (somewhat evasive) utterance by the artist nevertheless sheds light on his intentions, and the significance of identity in his portraiture: “I’m only interested in my sitters as animals. I want to use, record and observe particular things about a specific person. I would wish my portraits to be of people, not like them. Not having the look of the sitter, being them. As far as I am concerned, the paint is the person.”

    This statement alone is worthy of another blog discussion, but by my reading of it, Freud is challenging the status of personality/identity in contemporary portraiture by asserting the pre-eminence of physicality, flesh and paint in his oeuvre. Freud’s erstwhile contemporary, Francis Bacon, took a less forensic and (for me) more compelling stance on the intentions of portraiture. I’ve selected this quote particularly because it stands in stark contrast to Freud’s assertion: I would like my pictures to look as if a human being had passed between them, like a snail leaving its trail of the human presence… as a snail leaves its slime.” For Bacon, then, capturing or inducing the human presence is portraiture’s principal purpose…but is the human presence the same thing as human identity? My feeling is that identity is certainly part of that that human presence, and is what aids the viewer to engage initially with the work. But ultimately, it must be this human presence, this living, fugitive essence that breathes life into a portrait and makes it successful as a work of art.

    As for what’s in it for the subject of a portrait and the artist…this can only be down to the individuals to determine, and what the portrait’s perceived purpose was. But I do believe that portraiture is in the end a profoundly human endeavour, and regardless of motivation or intention it is ultimately a way for us to come closer to understanding ourselves and others. After all, a portrait is not a mirror, nor is it a final document of who or what a person is…it is, and must be, something more. I’m not in a position, however, to attempt to define what that “more” may be. I’ll leave that better heads than mine. Instead, I’d like to end my reply to Gareth’s post with another quote, this time from the Irish painter, Louis LeBrocquy, who I respect and admire for his quiet intellect, art and humanity: “…I realised that a portrait can no longer be the stable, pillared entity of Renaissance vision – that the portrait in our time can have no visual finality. Replacing the single definitive image by a series of inconclusive images has, therefore, perhaps something to do with contemporary vision, perceiving the image as a variable conception rather than a definitive manifestation in the Renaissance sense.”

  • Gareth Colliton replied 29 days ago

    Nicholas, what a response! I only have time for a quick reply right now, but I appreciate the effort and will be back with more!

  • harleym

    harleym 29 days ago

    Yes I am just a little bugger, personally I like what Jacques Lacan said
    we can never mean what we say, and never say what we mean…
    so we paint(maybe(possibly(well that’s the rough idea(isn’t it(?))))

  • Gareth Colliton replied 29 days ago

    Maybe… or maybe that’s not what Lacan meant to say, when he said what he said…

  • Soxy Fleming

    Soxy Fleming 29 days ago

    I do like Harley’s short answers. Words are pretty useless (Maybe you should have asked for painted responses to this journal).
    that said, Nicholas has used his words very well.
    I agree that some photographers are able to extract “something more” from their portrait subjects but I guess, photography having become what it is, these days we see many, many more photographic “portraits” which don’t extract a lot.
    Surely the brush strokes and hairs could just be described as the painter’s style – they could be there without the work being a portrait.
    This idea of painters making portraits look like themselves….I really think I have seen less of this in works I would consider “highly successful” or “very good” (personal opinion of course) portraits (nothing against the Mona Lisa mind you….there is a Mona Lisa series over here) ...this fascinates me because, believing as I do that artists create images of themselves, I find it even more interesting when they can then get away from that and just portray the subject in a complex way.
    I have a bit more to say, but not now …
    and the elaboration might not go here.

  • Mick Kupresanin

    Mick Kupresanin 28 days ago

    Gareth, I would like to respond in an interlectual way but I am not really an interlectual artist…not all artists need to be…That does not mean I paint without thinking….my thinking is of the instinctive type. My painting of Andrew was more about feeling light,feeling a look,feeling an emotion from sitter and myself. I don’t care about the rest of the world at that particular moment of painting. It is human nature to create, that is how we evolve. I will think some more

  • Mick Kupresanin

    Mick Kupresanin 28 days ago

    Sorry Gareth, I can’t even spell Intellectual, does that mean i should be finger painting…LOL

  • Gareth Colliton replied 28 days ago

    Haha, no – you probably spoke more closely to the truth than any of us, and I did love the spelling!

  • harleym

    harleym 28 days ago

    haha yes maybe he couldnt say what he meant because it was he who said he cant say what he means or means what he says, when what he says is not what he means, but when he went to say what he meant he couldn’t say what he means…

  • harleym

    harleym 28 days ago

    And yes I do believe for some strange reason that you (Garth Coldtwon you know who you are) do put elements of yourself in the portraits you paint, whether or not it is just your style or your physical appearance, but i cant mean what i say or say what i mean…

  • Melissa Jayne

    Melissa Jayne 28 days ago

    I very much like your ideas. I’ve often asked myself “why am I so fascinated by the human figure?”

    In the same way Micheal Angelo and Leonardo Di Vinci painted about religious figures to influence social change and celebrate value systems of their time, I feel like I am doing something very similar. Not on such a magnificent scale, however I am mirroring my environment’s value systems. I use pretty skinny, girls religiously in my work. I put primitive icons such as animal skulls and symbols which are used as their accessories. I display them as animals with no clothes and put them against a juxtaposition of bird feathers to suggest a primitive courtship of gender roles and subconscious drives, These are drives which exist primarily for the survival of the individual and the species, and the lack of care of the survival of other species. I talk about human’s contemporary self removal from the natural world and our own biosphere, our ancestors and the world as we know it.

    It’s lots of fun and I hope I do inspire someone, somewhere along the way to question their environments and what they’re really doing.

  • Gareth Colliton replied 27 days ago

    Great stuff, Melissa! Very eloquent and thoughtful; if you are indeed still at school, I’m sure your essays get top marks. I particularly love the sentence about skinny girls being used religiously in your work – it carries several different but perhaps equally valid meanings.
    Your portraits, as I understand it, are then representational of our species as much as of an individual, and carry symbolic themes far beyond the concerns of representing a single subject. Those themes are almost Darwinian and yet somewhat apocalyptic, or at least pointing to our failings as co-inhabitors of this planet. As such, the paintings are weighted to the subjects cultural identity, rather than their individual self, is that correct? Their name, occupation, etc is less important than the social implications. What you’re doing is indeed similar to many great artists – reflecting the good and bad of a particular time and culture, and asking the viewer to pause and think.
    I’m a big fan of your work, no doubt because we seem to have some very similar methods and concerns! The use of religious iconography in particular, which whilst being intrinsically linked to a wealth of history and culture, is lots of fun to explore and expand upon. My paintings of that sort are alternately seen as glorifying and denouncing religion, and I suppose they are both reasonable views, but I’m really just enjoying transforming the mundane and culturally worthless into precious artifacts. Anyway, I’m getting quite off topic… but many thanks for your words!

  • Melissa Jayne

    Melissa Jayne 25 days ago

    Very very apt. Infact, you explain my work better than how I explain my work :P I’m glad you understand what I’m aiming for.

    Keep up the awesome work.

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